Minecraft completed without human assistance: four Gemini 4 Argon agents defeat the Ender Dragon in 27 hours

Co-ordinated by the game’s chat function and a shared memory, with no assigned roles or hand-coded logic, four agents completed a survival game after 2,783 programmes had been written and 605 deaths.

Maxence Faldor, Satinder Singh and Roberta Raileanu claim the first part of Minecraft led from start to finish by autonomous AI agents. Four instances of Gemini 4 Argon were dropped into a randomly generated survival world on easy difficulty with a single objective: to defeat the Ender Dragon, the game's final boss. Each controlled a player via the open-source Mineflayer library, with no world seed spotted in advance, no specialized tools and no predefined roles.

27 hours, 2,783 programs, 605 deaths

The agents coordinated only through the game chat and a common memory. It took them 27 hours and 14 minutes, 2,783 programs written and 605 deaths to complete them, without any intervention from the researchers. The latter emphasize above all the fact that the plan was held on thousands of steps depending on each other, and the spontaneous appearance of team strategies: distribution of work, sharing of discoveries, recovery of objects from a dead teammate. The article was posted on arXiv on October 15.